Scoliosis

Scoliosis is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal, sideways curvature of the spine. While a healthy spine has natural curves from front to back, scoliosis involves a curve that can look like an "S" or "C" shape when viewed from the back. This curvature can also involve a rotation of the vertebrae, causing one side of the back to appear more prominent than the other.

Key points about scoliosis:

• It's more common than many people realize, affecting 2-3% of adolescents.
• It often develops during growth spurts, especially in children aged 10-15.
• In most cases (about 80%), the cause is unknown, which is called idiopathic scoliosis.

Types of Scoliosis We Treat

At Los Angeles Pediatric Orthopaedics, our pediatric orthopaedic specialists have extensive experience with all forms of scoliosis, including:

• Idiopathic Scoliosis: The most common type, with no identifiable cause. This is further categorized by age of onset:
  • Infantile Idiopathic Scoliosis: Diagnosed in children from birth to 3 years old.
  • Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis: Diagnosed in children aged 4 to 9 years old.
  • Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS): Diagnosed in children aged 10 to 18 years old – the most prevalent form.
• Congenital Scoliosis: Present at birth, caused by problems with the formation or segmentation of the vertebrae during fetal development.
• Neuromuscular Scoliosis: Develops as a result of conditions affecting the nerves and muscles, such as cerebral palsy, spina bifida, or muscular dystrophy.
• Syndromic Scoliosis: Associated with specific genetic syndromes (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome).

Recognizing the Signs: Symptoms of Scoliosis in Children

Scoliosis often develops subtly and may not cause pain, especially in its early stages. This is why regular check-ups and screenings are important. Parents often notice signs such as:

• Uneven shoulders: One shoulder blade appearing higher than the other.
• Uneven waist: One hip appearing higher or more prominent.
• Leaning to one side.
• One shoulder blade sticking out more than the other.
• Rib hump: A prominence on one side of the back when the child bends forward (Adam's forward bend test).
• Clothing not hanging evenly.
• Back pain (though less common in milder cases, it can occur).

If you observe any of these signs, it's crucial to schedule a consultation with a pediatric orthopaedic surgeon specializing in spine conditions. Early detection is key to effective management.

Diagnosing Scoliosis: Our Comprehensive Approach

Our diagnostic process is thorough and child-friendly, designed to accurately assess your child's spinal curvature:

1. Physical Examination: Our pediatric orthopaedic specialists will conduct a detailed physical exam, including the Adam's forward bend test, to look for visual signs of scoliosis.
2. Medical History: We'll discuss your child's growth, development, and any family history of scoliosis.
3. Imaging Studies:
   • X-rays: Standing X-rays of the spine are the primary diagnostic tool, allowing us to measure the curve's angle (Cobb angle) and assess spinal maturity.
   • MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): May be recommended in specific cases, especially for congenital or neuromuscular scoliosis, or if there are atypical curve patterns or neurological symptoms.
   • CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Less common for routine scoliosis, but can provide detailed bone imaging if needed.

Scoliosis Treatment Options for Children & Teens

The treatment approach for scoliosis is highly individualized and depends on several factors, including the type of scoliosis, the severity of the curve (Cobb angle), the child's age, and their skeletal maturity. Our goal is to monitor, manage, and, if necessary, correct the spinal curve to prevent progression and ensure your child's long-term spinal health and well-being.

Common treatment strategies include:

• Observation: For small curves (typically less than 20-25 degrees) in children who are still growing, regular monitoring with physical exams and X-rays is often sufficient to track the curve's progression.
• Bracing: For moderate curves (typically 25-45 degrees) in growing children, a custom-fitted spinal brace is often prescribed. The brace doesn't correct the existing curve but aims to prevent it from worsening significantly. Our team works closely with experienced orthotists to ensure a comfortable and effective brace fit.
• Scoliosis Specific Exercises (Physiotherapy): While not a standalone treatment for progressive curves, specific exercise programs (e.g., Schroth method) can be a valuable adjunct to bracing or observation. These exercises aim to improve posture, strength, and flexibility.
• Surgical Intervention: For severe curves (typically 45-50 degrees or more) that are progressing despite non-surgical treatments, or for curves that cause significant pain or functional issues, scoliosis surgery may be recommended. The most common procedure is spinal fusion surgery, where vertebrae are permanently joined together using rods, screws, and bone grafts to straighten and stabilize the spine. Our expert pediatric orthopaedic surgeons utilize the latest surgical techniques to minimize invasiveness and optimize outcomes.

Why Choose Los Angeles Pediatric Orthopaedics for Scoliosis Care?

Choosing the right medical team for your child's scoliosis is a significant decision. At Los Angeles Pediatric Orthopaedics, we offer:

• Leading Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeons: Our surgeons are fellowship-trained in pediatric orthopaedics and possess extensive experience in complex spine deformities.
• Comprehensive, Child-Centered Care: We understand the unique needs of children and adolescents, providing a supportive and comforting environment.
• State-of-the-Art Diagnostics & Treatment: Access to the latest imaging technology and advanced surgical techniques.
• Collaborative Approach: We work closely with families, physical therapists, orthotists, and other specialists to provide holistic care.
• Focus on Long-Term Outcomes: Our commitment extends beyond treatment to ensuring your child's continued health and quality of life.

Schedule Your Child's Scoliosis Consultation Today

If you have concerns about your child's spine or if they have been diagnosed with scoliosis, don't hesitate to contact us. Early intervention and expert care can make a significant difference. Schedule an appointment with our pediatric orthopaedic spine specialists by calling 310-828-5441 or clicking "request appointment".